Methylphenidate
ConcertaPubChem CID 4158 · 3D model
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Blocks the tiny transporters in the brain that normally reabsorb dopamine and norepinephrine, leaving more of these focus-and-alertness chemicals active between nerve cells, which helps improve attention and reduce hyperactivity in ADHD.
How it works
Methylphenidate blocks the tiny 'reuptake pumps' in your brain that normally clear away dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemicals involved in attention and alertness, so more of them stay active between nerve cells. Exactly how that improves focus and reduces hyperactivity in ADHD isn't fully understood, but the extended-release Concerta formulation is designed to release the drug gradually over the day, so one morning dose can keep working into the evening instead of needing repeat doses.
What it’s used for
Methylphenidate is prescribed to treat ADHD in patients from age 6 through 65; it isn't recommended for children younger than 6. It carries a boxed warning — the FDA's strongest safety warning — because it's a Schedule II controlled substance with a high potential for abuse and addiction, and misusing stimulants like this one can lead to overdose or death, so doctors are expected to assess and monitor each patient's risk throughout treatment.
- Mechanism
- CNS stimulant, blocks dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake
- Drug class
- Small molecule
- Therapeutic area
- CNS / Psychiatric